Tiempo Climate Cyberlibrary

CHARM

Currently, risk management activities in the Pacific tend to be limited to single government departments or regional organisations. In many instances, national risk reduction efforts are uncoordinated and in such cases duplication of efforts is common and planning gaps exist.

In order to address this situation, the South Pacific Applied Geosciences Commission (SOPAC) member countries have committed themselves to a more integrated Comprehensive Hazard And Risk Management - CHARM - process.

CHARM covers all hazards and is whole of country in orientation. It will enhance the sustainability of national development planning processes and encourage a more coordinated and integrated regional approach to risk reduction.

CHARM is modelled around the AS/NZS 4360-1999 Standard. It uses the Queensland design format, modified to suit Pacific region requirements.

CHARM moves the focus away from departments and agencies that support a wide range of non-coordinated activities towards a broader and integrated programming approach. This is achieved by aligning the CHARM process with National Strategic Development Plans.

The major goal of the CHARM model is to develop a national risk and treatment option matrix that has considered the activities of all agencies. CHARM targets the identified gaps in the matrix.

There are five main steps in the CHARM process.

1. Establish the context
   • Sensitize senior political and policy officials
   • Identify strategic an organizational issues that will apply to the CHARM process
   • Determine the CHARM management mechanisms and operational process
   • Identify national development priorities
   • Review existing policy related to development project appraisal processes
   • Implement training to mainstream mitigation into this process
   • Develop the initial risk evaluation criteria
2. Identify risks
   • Identify and assess primary and secondary hazards
   • Identify vulnerable sectors and determine geographic scope of potential impact
   • Identify risks associated with primary and secondary impacts
3. Analyze risks
   • Determine and assign levels of risk using indicators such as: How often are the hazards likely to occur? and, What are the potential consequences that may arise when the hazards impact?
   • Assign levels of risk
4. Evaluate risks
   • Determine acceptable and unacceptable risks
   • Rank risks in order of priority for treatment
5. Treat risks
   • Evaluate and select appropriate treatment sfor dealing with unacceptable risks
   • Identify core business responsibilities and assess existing projects of agencies
   • Develop and implementation process for the identified program gaps
   • Link with Regional Partners and Programs
   • Close the programming gaps through new project proposals
   • Implement the new development program

The priorities for the successful implementation of CHARM are to advocate its adoption as a national risk management decision-making tool and to provide appropriate training and awareness through broad stakeholder consultation workshops involving both national and regional stakeholders.

CHARM will assist member countries to achieve one of the fundamental priorities of the ISDR strategy, which is to proceed from protection against hazards to the management of risks through the integration of disaster risk reduction into sustainable development.

Potential beneficiaries of CHARM will include all key stakeholders involved in disaster risk reduction including: government planning departments, national disaster management offices, non-governmental organizations, community groups, private sector, donors, and regional partners.

Guidelines for implementing the CHARM approach are available in printed form or on CDROM.

Further information
Atu Kaloumaira, Community Risk Programme Advisor, or Noud Leenders, Risk Analyst - Community Risk Programme, SOPAC, Private Mail Bag, General Post Office, Suva, Fiji, Email: atu@sopac.org or noud@sopac.org, Web: www.sopac.org.